Present perfect with "for" and "since"

Today we learned how to use "for" and "since" with present perfect. 

We use "for" to talk about a period of time (duration).

It answers the question "how long"?

He has had this car for three years.

We use "since" to talk about a specific time in the past.

It tells us when something first happened.

He has had this car since 2013.


Try this exercise to choose "for" or "since".

Another one

This one, too!

One more

This too!

On this page you can find links to many more exercises to practice.

My project!

Here is my example for the architecture project.

This is the Iglesia de San Miguel in Arcones, Segovia. 


It was built in the 13th Century AD.  It is in the Romanesque style. It has thick walls and small windows. It is made of stone and has some doors and a window with a rounded arch. 





The original structure has been modified in some ways but it still has some original elements.

Cells, tissues, and systems

Watch this presentation. It has some very nice pictures of cells and some good explanations (you don't have to know all of the information-- only what is in the book!)

Cells from Alexis Neo

Drawing the Seed of Life

Now that we know how to draw the Flower of Life, you can try to draw the Seed of Life.

Three cultures of Alcalá de Henares

Did you know that in the Middle Ages, Alcalá was home to three cultures: Christianity, Islam, and Judaism?  For much of this time, the three cultures coexisted peacefully.




Do you know where these signs are in our city?



Here you can read about the neighborhoods (in Spanish):

La alijama (Jewish quarters)

La morería (Muslim neighborhood)

The Christian city

This is from the webpage of the City Hall. You can find more information there about the history of Alcalá during the Middle Ages!

Now it's your turn!

Now you have to find information about a church in Spain. It can be a small church from a village or a big cathedral.  Give information about it:  

--Where is it?
--When was it built?
--What architectural style is it?
--What are the characteristics of this style?

Put your information on an A4 card (cartulina tamaño folio) and include pictures!

Due: Tuesday, 1st of March.

Architecture: Vaulting

Your book talks about "barrel vaults" (Romanesque) and "ribbed vaults" (Gothic). But, what does that mean?  Here are some pictures:


Barrel vault:







Ribbed vault:

Looking at cells

Plant cells: watch the chloroplasts move!




Here is a short video about onion cells under a microscope.





Animal cells: frog's blood. You can see the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.

Romanesque vs. Gothic Architecture

In Spain, many Romanesque churches, monasteries, and cathedrals were built between the 11th century and the mid-12th century.

Here are some of the characteristics:

--Stone replaces wood as the main construction material.

--Buildings had thick walls and not many windows. The windows were small.

--The arches were semicircular.
--They used barrel vaults.

Here is a Romanesque church, San Martin de Tours, in Palencia.

By I, Santiperez, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2524492

Gothic Architecture was popular from the 12th century to the 16th century.  

Its characteristics:

--Churches were tall and let in a lot of light.

--Walls were thinner and had large, stained-glass windows.

--The pointed arch was used.
--They used ribbed vaults.

Can you find all three of these characteristics in the Cathedral of León?

Do you think these buildings are Romanesque or Gothic?

Monastery of San Pau, Barcelona

Burgos Cathedral, Spain

Frómista, Castilla-León

Drawing the "flower of life" with a compass

Watch how you can use your compass to create this shape, the Flower of Life.

Islamic Art and tessellations

Islamic Art often used geometric designs and tessellations:









Interactive tessellation creator here.


Some tessellation art projects from a 7th grade in the USA:

Games for English review

Let's review "so"  "such" "such a"  and   "such an."

 

Here is a game to review. 

Now let's review "that" and "which."

Susan watched a film. The film was very long.

Susan watched a film which was very long.

The film which Susan watched was very long.

Tom bought a pair of trainers. They were very expensive.

Tom…

The trainers…

We heard a song. It was very good.

We…

The song…

Now, adverbs of time. 

Can you make sentences with these words? Which verb tense do you need to use for each one?

last week----later-----sometimes----soon----now----yesterday

The Trojan Piñata

In English we read about the Trojan Horse. Can you imagine this instead?

Life in Medieval Society

In the Middle Ages, society was divided into three groups: 

--The nobles
--The clergy
--The commoners. We can divide this group into: artisans and merchants (people who made and sold products)  and peasants (people who worked on the land growing crops.)




At first, most people were peasants.  Later, by the 12th century, cities became very important. The people who lived there were called the bourgeoisie (burgueses). Artisans organised themselves into guilds (gremios).

Play this game to see how much you know about the  Medieval Christian society. 

This presentation tells you about the Middle Ages (Visigothic Kingdom, Al-Andalus, and Christian Kingdoms.)  There are even some short videos!

Christian Spain

In 1031, the Caliphate of Cordoba was divided into separate taifas. On  this map you can see the different taifas. The kingdoms above the purple line are Christian Kingdoms and the ones below the purple line are the Muslim taifas.







In this map you can see the different stages of the Reconquest (Reconquista.)

The first of the Christian Kingdoms was the Kingdom of Asturias (colour red on the map) in 722 AD. Then the Reconquest moved south little by little until the last Muslim Kingdom, Granada, fell to the Catholic Monarchs in 1492 AD.


Here is a short video (in Spanish) about the Reconquest:



 
For your test, you need to know these important dates:

722-- Kingdom of Asturias founded.
1212--Battle of Navas de Tolosa. Christian forces win control of much of the southern peninsula.
1492-- Conquest of the Kingdom of Granada by the Catholic Monarchs.

Test time!

Your English Test Unit 6 is on Tuesday. It will include:

--Adverbs  (where, when, and how)

--Last 6 verbs on your list

--so/such/ such a/ such an

--sentences with “that” and “which”

--short listening

--short reading comprehension

--present perfect questions and answers

--general grammar review

You do not need to study vocabulary this time.

***Your Natural Science Test will be in the first week of March.  (A concretar el día más adelante, para no juntar tantos examenes en una sola semana.)*****

Good Luck!

Adverbs!

Adverbs tell us about the verb. It can tell us where, when, or how an action is done.

How:  She walked slowly.

Where: He looked over there.

When: We get up early.

On your English test you need to know about adverbs of time (WB p.57)  and adverbs of place (WB p. 47)

Here are some songs about adverbs:

Al-Andalus

What do you know about Al-Andalus?

Try this and see! 

What do you need to know for the test?

Important dates: 

711 AD

929 AD

1031 AD

Vocabulary:

Islam

Muslims

Koran
caliphate

taifas

zoco

medina

alcazaba

arrabal

Other information:

Muslim contributions to:

--Mathematics

--Agriculture

--Craft and Industry

Name two examples of buildings in Spain from this time period:

--Mezquita (Mosque) of Córdoba

--The Alhambra of Granada

Here you can find out more about Art and Architecture in Al-Andalus.

Art in Al-Andalus from Gema - IES Villa de Vallecas

Interaction in plants: Do sunflowers follow the sun?

Watch this video and listen to find your answer:




And here's another video:

Next 15 verbs

Here are the next 15 verbs to study. We will have a test next week.

The last six verbs will be on the English test for Unit 6.

Simple	Past	Past Participle
say	said	said
see	saw	seen
sell	sold	sold
send	sent	sent
show	showed	shown
sit	sat	sat
sleep	slept	slept
speak	spoke	spoken
spend	spent	spent
stand	stood	stood
sweep	swept	swept
swim	swam	swum
take	took	taken
teach	taught	taught
tell	told	told

Parts of a cell

Do you know the parts of a cell?



Try this game and find out.

And this one: Label the animal cell

and: Label the plant cell



Cells, tissues, organs, and systems.

Test yourself!

English games

I am going to add a tab to the blog so you can find the English games. 

Let's start with these!

Past Simple games:

Speed Word

Basketball

Past simple questions

Past simple endings

Present Perfect games:

Present perfect  

More Games

-ed or -ing

Question words game

Write questions for these answers!



Here are all of the posts for English from this year. You can review the videos, songs, games, etc.

Life processes in living things

Living things carry out three important life processes: interaction, nutrition, and reproduction.

Can you say which life process it is?

Visigothic Spain

In your book you have a map of Roman influence in the Iberian peninsula (p. 88).  But, in the 3rd century AD ( siglo III d.C.)  the Roman Empire was in decline.  

Roman Emperor Theodosius (Teodosio) divided the Roman Empire into two parts: The Western Roman Empire (capital in Rome) and the Eastern Roman Empire (capital in Constantinople.)




The Iberian Peninsula was invaded by Germanic tribes from the north and centre of Europe. In 409, the first Germanic tribes (the Romans called them "barbarians") arrived there: the Suebi (suevos), Vandals (vándalos), and Alans (alanos). 




The Romans asked the Visigoths (visigodos) for help in 415 AD.  

After the Western Roman Empire fell in 476 AD, The Visigoths established a kingdom that stretched across the Pyrenees. It was called Toulouse (Tolosa.)





In 507, the Visigoths lost much of their kingdom and only kept the land they had in the Iberian peninsula. They set up their capital in Toledo.  (See the map in your book on pg. 89.)


The Visigoths held on to (kept) much of Roman culture: they used the Latin language, and Roman law.

In 589, the Visigothic king Reccared (Recaredo) converted to Catholicism, and so did the rest of his country.

La conversión de Recaredo, por Antonio Muñoz Degrain, 1888.

Some important artifacts from the Visigothic Kingdom:

The Crown of Recesvinto from the treasure of Guarrazar:



See it in ·3D here:

The church of San Pedro Nave in Zamora:

The church of San Juan de Baños, Palencia:






In 711, Muslim forces invaded and defeated the last Visigothic King, Roderic (Rodrigo), in the Battle of Guadalete. This began the period of Muslim domination of the Iberian Peninsula.

A joke for you!

Do you recognize these two coats-of-arms?

We are going to create our own!

Parts of speech

Here is a game about adjectives:

Try it!

Art on Friday

For Art on Friday you need to bring oil pastels (pinturas de cera blanda tipo MANLEY  o similar.)